Motor oil is a personal choice matter more than anything else for stock ATVs in average usage & light duty work/trail riding conditions. The most important thing in caring for any motor over a long term is oil change frequency. Most conventional motor oils require more frequent oil changes than do good quality full synthetics. So basically, there are no hard & fast rules that must be followed... change the oil frequently enough, but don't waste money on changing it more frequently than is necessary. That sounds dumb, but its not in practice.
After the break-in period, if using a conventional motor oil (and you should until the motor is completely broken in) change the oil when it begins to turn dark. Because at that point the oil has become saturated with tiny carbon particles and cannot suspend (and hold in suspension) very much more carbon. Its done... get it out of there. Same goes for full synthetics (which are far superior oils and should be seriously considered after break-in)... when the oil has darkened its done, get it out of there.
So there are no particular oil change schedules or rules to follow that might yield the longest possible motor life. Be ready to change the oil and filter when the motor needs it, not when the calendar or odometer says so. Keep in mind that might mean the oil might need changing the following day if the motor is overheated or otherwise operated in extreme conditions.